The Central Board of Secondary Education conducts the All India Secondary School Examination (Class 10) and the All India Senior School Certificate Examination (Class 12) and issues the resulting mark-sheets, pass certificates and migration certificates. Through the Parinam Manjusha academic repository and DigiLocker integration, candidates from 2004 onwards can fetch digitally-signed PDFs of their certificates with the same legal validity as physical documents. Verifying authorities (employers, universities, embassies) can validate any CBSE document by scanning the QR code on the digital copy or by entering the roll number, year of passing and date of birth on the official result-validator pages. Physical certificates also display a holographic seal and printed verification code.